Overriding and Overloading

Let’s understand,

Start with a Basic BankAccount

Copyclass BankAccount:
    def withdraw(self, amount):
        print(f"Withdrew {amount}")

Now every account will have its own rules for withdrawing
So subclasses will override this method

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1. Overriding → same method, redefined in child class

• Happens in Inheritance

• The parent class has a method

• Child class gives its own version of that method

Copyclass SavingsAccount(BankAccount):
    def withdraw(self, amount):
        print(f"SavingsAccount: Withdrew {amount} after checking balance")

class CurrentAccount(BankAccount):
    def withdraw(self, amount):
        print(f"CurrentAccount: Withdrew {amount} with overdraft support")

Now when you use it:

Copyacc1 = SavingsAccount()
acc2 = CurrentAccount()

acc1.withdraw(100)  # Outputs: SavingsAccount: Withdrew 100 after checking balance
acc2.withdraw(200)  # Outputs: CurrentAccount: Withdrew 200 with overdraft support

This is → Method Overriding
Same method name → but each child writes their own logic
Used in → Runtime Polymorphism

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2. Overloading → same method name, but different number/type of arguments

But wait…

But we can adjust using default values or *args

Deposit with Flexible Options

Copyclass BankAccount:
    def deposit(self, amount, source="cash"):
        print(f"Deposited {amount} via {source}")

Now:

Copyacc = BankAccount()
acc.deposit(100)                # Deposited 100 via cash
acc.deposit(200, "cheque")      # Deposited 200 via cheque
acc.deposit(300, "online")      # Deposited 300 via online

Same method → different arguments
This is → Method Overloading (Python style)
Used in → Compile-Time Polymorphism (simulated in Python)

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Summary